Tennis & golfer's elbow (epicondylitis)
Common causes of elbow pain from irritation of the tendons at the elbow, treatable with the right assessment and plan
Tennis elbow and golfer's elbow are common conditions in which the tendons that attach around the elbow become painful, usually from overuse or repeated strain. Tennis elbow affects the outer side of the elbow, and golfer's elbow the inner side. Despite the names, most people who get them have never played either sport. They usually improve with the right approach.
Written for patients and reviewed by Dr Liubov Borukhson, Consultant Rheumatologist (GMC 7021928). Last clinically reviewed: June 2026.
Common symptoms
The pattern depends on which side of the elbow is affected. Features may include:
- Pain and tenderness on the outer side of the elbow (tennis elbow) or the inner side (golfer's elbow)
- Pain that is worse with gripping, lifting or twisting movements of the forearm and wrist
- Weakness of grip, or discomfort that radiates down the forearm
How it is diagnosed
These conditions can usually be recognised from the history and examination. Confirming the diagnosis helps rule out other causes of elbow pain and guides treatment.
Ultrasound can show the affected tendons and confirm the problem, as well as helping direct any treatment accurately. Dr Borukhson uses point-of-care ultrasound during the consultation, so the elbow can often be examined in the same visit. You can read more on the ultrasound clinic page.
How it is treated
Treatment usually centres on activity modification, a structured exercise programme to load the tendon appropriately, and pain relief, which helps most people over time. In selected cases an ultrasound-guided injection around the area may be considered, with ultrasound guidance ensuring accurate placement. The plan is agreed with you.
Why assessment helps
Elbow pain that is not settling is worth assessing to confirm the cause and put in place an effective plan. If you have ongoing pain at the elbow, a specialist review, with ultrasound where helpful, can guide treatment.
Ongoing elbow pain?
A specialist assessment, with ultrasound where helpful, can confirm the cause and agree a plan to settle the pain
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